Category Archives: Ecuador

With the Workers and the Peoples in the Independent Struggle for the Revolution and Socialism

16th Seminar on the International Problems of the Revolution in Latin America

Final Statement

In Latin America the new millennium arrived with the struggle of the workers, youth, peasants, women and peoples against the structural adjustment policies implemented by governments at the service of powerful local oligarchic groups and imperialist finance capital. The increasing social discontent, manifested in street mobilisations, partial and general strikes and even popular uprisings that put an end to reactionary and pro-imperialist governments, split the bourgeois institutions and accelerated the wearing out of the current model of capitalist accumulation, monitored by the centres of imperialist domination.

The fear grew among the socio-economic elites that the yearning for change and the desire to be protagonists of deep transformations was taking shape among the people. The progressive and left-wing political programmes, once seen as being obsolete and inapplicable, were embraced by the working and popular classes.

While in various countries of Latin America there are still openly right-wing governments explicitly sold out to imperialism, in others countries so-called alternative and progressive governments have emerged; in some of these, on certain occasions there have been actions of resistance towards policies of imperialism, which deserve the support of the peoples.

Recurring to their own political experience, bourgeois factions of various countries have manoeuvred to take advantage of the discontent of the masses for their own interests. They appear to make their own the programmes and proposals raised for years by the popular movement and the left-wing organisations against neo-liberalism and to achieve a sovereign development, under conditions of social fairness.

Nevertheless, the expectations and enthusiasm of the masses with those governments that promised to leave behind the past of disgrace and backwardness clash with reality when these governments carry out their real political programme and give away the natural wealth, at present mainly mines, to the foreign companies; when the foreign debt persists, although the capital comes from other imperialist centres; when popular protest is criminalised; when free trade negotiations and agreements are going ahead under different names; or, when governmental propaganda says more of what in reality is being carried out in the social sphere.

Even though discontent is arising among the workers, youth, peasants, women and peoples, it is a fact that, so far, these governments have had, to a certain degree, the capacity to neutralise and contain the social mobilisation. Without a doubt, that is a fruit of the ability of ideological-political manipulation by the bourgeois factions that, with the support of imperialism, are in the government; it is due to the carrying out of social welfare and patronage policies, to the presence of authoritarian leaders as heads of government who make wide use of demagogy and populist policies; but it is also due to the existing limits in the consciousness of the masses and the weaknesses from which the revolutionary and left-wing organisations still suffer.

Under these new conditions, the struggle that the workers and revolutionary organisations are unfolding is becoming more complex, since it is relatively clearer for the masses that they must confront and fight a government that is openly right-wing and linked to foreign capital, than one that demagogically claims to promote change and to affect the interests of the rich, even though in reality it is doing nothing more than propping up the whole system of domination by capital and defending the interests of the local ruling classes and of imperialist finance capital.

For the advance of the revolutionary struggle of the peoples, it is essential to unmask and defeat these sell-out, demagogic and populist governments that are causing serious damage to the development of the popular organisation and struggle. It is necessary to combat these governments functioning on behalf of the ruling system, but by no means should we play into the interests of the other bourgeois factions of the ‘right’ The struggle of the workers and peoples, with a class independence, to win social and national liberation forces them to fight and defeat one and the other bourgeois faction.

In order to fulfill the strategic intentions that drive us, we the political organisations, movements and parties committed to leading the revolution and socialism to victory must redouble our efforts to develop the political consciousness of the masses. That is possible mainly by unleashing the struggle for their particular demands and political banners in order to unmask the true nature of those governments. It is vital to promote an intense and systematic ideological-political offensive of the revolutionary ideals among the workers, youth, peasants, women and peoples; it is urgent to take advantage of all the opportunities that the bourgeois institutions allow for the political task and even to surpass these; it is necessary to persevere in the unity of the popular movement and of the political organisations of the left in order to isolate from the social movement those who, at the present time, are manipulating the yearnings for change of the peoples from positions of power.

Although, circumstantially, the populist governments have managed to partially restrain the struggle of the masses, it is certain that their material conditions of life and the historical limitations of these governments are forcing the masses to protest. Still more, the world scenario is inevitably affecting them from all sides and the sharpening of the general crisis of the capitalist system is causing the fighting response of the peoples, as can be observed in our region and in particular in Europe, with whose working class and youth we express our solidarity.

We, the organizations taking part in this 16th Seminar on the International Problems of the Revolution in Latin America, united in Quito from July 16 to 20, reiterate our internationalist duty and commitment to continue fighting for unity and solidarity among the peoples, to form – by means of concrete actions – a great anti-imperialist front. We uphold the right of the peoples to self-determination; we condemn all forms of foreign intervention and all actions of the ruling classes to thwart the will of the peoples.

The views summarised in this Statement are the result of open and democratic debate in this seminar. We present them to the world so that the workers, youth and peoples may know them.

From Quito, Ecuador, we express our commitment to continue this event and, for that reason we are convening the 17th International Seminar for next year.

Quito, July 20, 2012
Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina
Revolutionary Communist Party – Brazil
Movement for the Popular Constituent Assembly – Colombia
Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist-Leninist)
Communist Party of Labour of the Dominican Republic
Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist-Leninist)
Revolutionary Popular Front – Mexico
Communist Party of Palestine
Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland
Peruvian Communist Party Marxist-Leninist
National Democratic Front – Philippines
Caribbean and Latin American Coordinator of Puerto Rico
All Union Communist Party (Bolshevik) – Russia
Communist Party of Spain Marxist-Leninist
Gayones Movement – Venezuela
Emancipator Pedagogic Movement of Venezuela MOPEZ
Movement of Education for the Emancipation of Venezuela MEPE
Marxist-Leninist Trade Union Current – Venezuela
Ana Soto Women’s Movement of Venezuela
Preparatory Committee of Venezuela for the 23rd International Camp of Anti-Fascist and Anti-Imperialist Youth
Socialist Revolutionary University Front – Venezuela
Socialist Movement for the Quality of Life and Health – Venezuela
Democratic Popular Movement – Ecuador
Revolutionary Youth of Ecuador
Revolutionary Front of the University Left
Teachers Vanguard Front
Revolutionary Trade Union Current
Confederation of Ecuadorian Women for Change
Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador

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Ecuador: Speech at 48th Anniversary of the PCMLE

We pay tribute to our fallen comrades in the revolutionary struggle.

(Delivered by c. Oswaldo Palacios J. Spokesman Nacionalen the anniversary event held on Friday July 20 at the National Theater of the CCE.)

Friends, Friends and Comrades, elected representatives, leaders of the Left Plurinational Coordinator, comrades social organizations of all provinces, special guests:

We start this Act communicating to our friends, workers and peoples of Ecuador, the joy and pride that pervades the minds and hearts of our members and leaders to reach this new celebration of the 48 year class party workers, whose life and actions are dedicated since the days of August 1964 to push the revolutionary change in our country, which as you can see, is the only way out and solve the social, economic and labor of our peoples.

With this momentous occasion, the Marxist Leninist extend a message of unity, cooperation and sincere decision to move to the various organizations, the Coordinator of the Left Plurinational and each of the parties and organizations that comprise it, reiterating that the years of the PCMLE, we demonstrated a vocation of unity and concrete actions, as we are willing to work now, because sectors committed to transform Ecuador march together for the benefit of advancing the process of emancipation.

Dramatic events occur in the world these days. We have experienced one of the cyclical crises of capitalism that began in 2007 and whose effects are still felt. While some of the spokesmen of the monopolies and the banks claim that the world economy “away from the precipice” for now, the disastrous effects and the consequences suffered in the various continents, regions and countries, have shaken the economic, political and social world.

During the period, have been destroyed immense volumes of productive forces, there is a drop in production and services, thousands of companies have gone bankrupt and banks, the big bump caused the collapse of the budgets of states and a large debt major economies such as the U.S., for example.

But, the main effects have suffered catastrophic working masses, youth, people, because the crisis has brought an increase in unemployment chilling, leaving hundreds of thousands in the street, jobless, unable to pay their housing, their leases and sustain life. Surprising are the indices of poverty in the world.

The present crisis shows more evidence, how capitalism – which some defend and praise – is a system of injustice, oppression and exploitation is a rotting, corroded by a series of scourges such as dehumanization, selfishness, social insecurity, crime, crime, drugs, etc..

However, the most prominent feature in the middle of the crisis, is that the workers and peoples, the poor of the world, they are unwilling to submit the capitalist system to an oppressive situation. Faced with the difficult situation they have to live with the working masses, in almost every corner of the world, even in regions that were said quiet, large social explosions have erupted strikes, struggles, demonstrations, protests, against the iniquitous measures have been taken by governments, corporations and institutions of global power, that harm them substantially.

More than a year in Spain, gripped by the effects of the crisis, suffocated by debt and the imposition of capital movement broke the “outraged” and now to met its first anniversary, over 80 cities have replicated rallies, demonstrations and protests. The university has been featured youth discontent resulted in street actions. In these same days, the miners have gone from around the country to Madrid to oppose the closure of the coal mines, leaving them on the street, unemployed. Public sector workers, including firefighters and police protesting wage cuts, the cancellation of rights and threats of dismissal contained in the “adjustments” to the right-wing government and agencies have imposed capital there.

Europe has been and is the scene of angry protests and mass struggles in Greece, Portugal, Belgium, England, Germany staged by workers, migrants, professionals, young and unemployed, who are opposed to street fighting with adjustments ordered by international agencies such as the IMF, the World Bank, the ECB, etc.. with which the bourgeois and imperialist circles are trying to be the people who pay for the crisis.

In the U.S. itself, where the so-called housing bubble burst mortgages, large clusters of migrants and workers have developed intense fighting and protests to oppose being victims of the effects of the crisis, the bank closures and industrial companies, unemployment, exclusionary laws and discrimination. There has been a massive movement “occupy” that took nerve parks and large cities, as a protest to oppose measures that affect their lives and their work.

Latin America is a continuous and irreducible series of mobilizations and struggles of diverse industries in Peru anti-mining of large monopolies, Chile, in the street fighting has thousands of middle and secondary students against education reform retrograde public. In Mexico the social struggle for land and heartfelt aspirations now joins the protest against electoral fraud, demanding fair elections, in Colombia are rising social movement actions, Puerto Rico continues its courageous action for independence against colonialist policy of Puerto Rico. In Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Central America and occur days combat actions by the needs, aspirations and demands of the various sectors. In Venezuela large popular sectors are in constant action in promoting their proposals for change, mobilizing to radicalize the political process of transformations that are driven from the government of Colonel Hugo Chavez Frias.

In Ecuador, the rightward shift that has taken place Rafael Correa regime aside their initial proposals and betraying democratic, patriotic and nationalistic, they have now become a government to serve new sectors of the bourgeoisie and some other traditional banking, as well as oil and mining monopolies of China and other world powers. In recent years they have signed oil contracts given the fundamentals of our hydrocarbon resources to imperialist companies, harming the national interest.

In the case of mining, has been raised to jump right to the exploitation of large-scale mining and open pit, signing a contract with China Ecsa, leaving aside all the talk about “respect for the rights of the nature “, knowing the environmental disaster that causes this type of mining on the lives of communities, water, flora, fauna, penalizing and persecuting the community leaders who have opposed it, although environmentalists , universities and other sectors have expressed open opposition.

In an initial moment, Correa declared that debt tranches that past governments had contracted, was a matter “illegal, immoral and unjust” and that was chargeable. However, negotiations resumed and Global bond payments, was negotiated with China of $ 10 billion it had given an “advance purchase” of oil, but also charged interest for that sum up the 6% interest that we pay all Ecuadorians.

The Ecuadorian banking sector – in times of global crisis – has increased, at least in the last three years, millions in profits with the full support of the current government’s policies, as outlined own official announcements of institutions.

There was a few weeks ago a real affront to national sovereignty and independence as a legislative majority in the Assembly – obeying layout rules – approved the signing of the Convention on the Law of the Sea, UNCLOS, which the country loses its jurisdiction over the 200-mile territorial sea, to leave at the expense of the interests of countries with powerful fleets to take advantage of the wealth of our ocean ichthyological.

Another aspect of the present government is regressive authoritarianism. In an arbitrary process, abuses and illegalities, Correa has been concentrated in the hands of all executive branches of government, trampling the Constitution of Montecristi approved by a referendum.

In Ecuador there today and cancellation restriction of human rights, labor, information, mobilization. Important social achievements with the struggle of the peoples are being eliminated, or imposing new rules in practice disappear. Testing the song: the right to organize, and claim workers’ strike, the university entrance and free higher education, the right to popular mobilization and participation in major national decisions.

The Correa government has unleashed the criminalization of social struggle: indigenous and peasant leaders, people who oppose mining, social leaders and leftist politicians, professionals and community leaders as those arrested March 3 in Quito, as student leaders Marcelo Rivera and Edwin Lasluisa, the Rector of the University of Cotopaxi have been prosecutions, persecutions and verbal attacks President Correa wicked accusations “terrorism”, “conspiracy” alleged “attacks on national security” are being passed reforms Penal Code and the regime is interested in making people feel fear, as a measure to allay or suffocate the popular struggle.

A propaganda machine created from the use of the media that were seized from debtors bankers, directs every moment of broadcasting in radio, TV and newspapers, the government’s achievements of the “citizens’ revolution”, exalt messianic figure of Rafael Correa and his unpublished work in favor of the “poor”. President Correa calls itself a historical figure at the height of Eloy Alfaro, of Simon Bolivar, the great “statesmen reformers” now living a “time of change” but a “change of time”.

Faced with this reality, however, stands a social movement composed of the main unions, UGTE, CEOSL, CEDOCUT, sectors and grassroots leaders CTE, CONAIE, UNE, ECUARRUNARI, FEUNASSC, CUBE, FEUE, FESE Opponents in fact harmful policies, submissive actions, the abuse and authoritarian government. That social movement to start considering Correa government supported democratic and progressive element, is now opposed, while mobilizing goes by its own demands, to defend their conquests and rights that correísmo snatches them and understood the need to oppose, expose and mobilize for protest banners and democratic, while breaks through the aspiration of building a new and different country on the basis of the organization and the united struggle of these sectors.

We salute tonight’s action Plurinational Coordinator of the left cohesive working for political and social forces of our country to face the correismo unpopular policy and propose to the people of Ecuador claims platform and democratic social and political achievements to be able to propose and galvanize action to defeat President Correa in the elections of 2013 and look for Ecuador march to a new situation that progress towards the profound changes needed majorities claiming Ecuador, given that those actions also unmask the traditional right, which is not in the government and aims to capitalize on the discontent for their own purposes.

The revolutionary party of the working class Ecuadorian, the PCMLE reaffirms its readiness to march with the workers, the youth and the people of Ecuador, along with the Ecuadorian left to effectively achieve these aspirations for change, mobilizing and fighting who want to transform the country.

To do this, leaders and foundation of our organization, we are in a process of qualification of our business with the working masses, improving our relationship ideological, political and organizational; taking steps in the communist education of our cadres and members, working in construction Communist Party, which according to our revolutionary concept is essential and effective tool for promoting leftist politics.

We reiterate our view internationalist, who just had a look these days relevant to the successful completion of the 16th. International Conference “Problems of the Revolution in Latin America,” has attended over 60 international delegates from our continent, Europe and Asia. We have discussed the presence in some scenarios current Latin American populist caudillo, generated at times of crisis in the capitalist world, which as in the case of Ecuador is present in an attempt to contain, confuse and divert the aspirations of revolutionary change peoples of Ecuador. With delegates from all these countries left by the frank discussion of ideas and commitment to advance the unity and struggle for a different world.

We pay tribute to our fallen comrades in the revolutionary struggle.

Reiterate the resolve and commitment to continue – despite attacks, threats – and the whole thrust of the government and the right, with our fight with the people, by the revolution, popular power and socialism

Long live the 48 years of PCMLE!
Long live the struggle of the working class and our peoples!
Live proletarian internationalism!
Glory to Marxism-Leninism!

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16th SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL “PROBLEMAS DE LA REVOLUCIÓN EN AMÉRICA LATINA”

Apreciados compañeros (as)

Presente.-

De nuestras consideraciones:

Les presentamos un cálido y fraterno saludo del PARTIDO COMUNISTA MARXISTA LENINISTA DEL ECUADOR y del MOVIMIENTO POPULAR DEMOCRÁTICO, organizaciones de izquierda revolucionaria, expresándoles nuestros mejores deseos de éxitos personales, políticos y organizativos, que redunden en el impulso de la tarea común de los trabajadores, la juventud y los pueblos, la revolución, la emancipación social y el socialismo.

Partiendo de los actuales procesos de lucha social y política que se desarrollan en el mundo entero y en nuestro Continente, frente a las políticas del sistema capitalista y los gobiernos que afectan los intereses y lesionan las conquistas de los diversos sectores sociales, los revolucionarios entendemos la necesidad de avanzar y profundizar en la realización de los procesos de emancipación; por ello, consideramos útil, acercar más nuestro mutuo conocimiento, relación, intercambio de experiencias y el trabajo por una sólida unidad y colaboración de nuestras organizaciones.

Por ello, nos complace extenderles la más cordial INVITACIÓN para que una delegación de su Organización Política o Social, Institución o personalmente, participen en el 16to. SEMINARIO INTERNACIONAL “PROBLEMAS DE LA REVOLUCIÓN EN AMÉRICA LATINA”, que en este año abordará el tema:

“El caudillismo populista y la lucha revolucionaria en América Latina”

Además, queremos solicitarles respetuosamente, extender esta INVITACIÓN a otras organizaciones, instituciones y personalidades afines, con los cuales, lamentablemente, no tenemos una relación o dirección específica y que se mostrarían deseosos de integrarse y participar en el mismo.

Los participantes: pueden si lo desean, presentar una PONENCIA SOBRE EL TEMA PROPUESTO, con una máxima extensión de 8 páginas, que será publicada para entregarse a los participantes y un resumen de la misma para que sea expuesta en alocución de veinte minutos, en las diferentes sesiones plenarias del Seminario. Los textos en idioma español, procesados en Word, deben ser enviados con la debida anticipación para asegurar su publicación y la propaganda necesaria.

En el 16to. Seminario se desarrollarán dos Mesas Redondas:

- “La mega – minería a cielo abierto y la posición de los pueblos”. Martes 17 de julio, 17h 00. Participan delegados internacionales y del Ecuador.

- “Los trabajadores y pueblos del Ecuador y el gobierno de Rafael Correa”. Jueves 19 de julio, 10h 30. Participan diversos representantes de organizaciones sociales del Ecuador.

Este evento, arriba a su décima sexta edición con el esfuerzo conjunto de todos los que hemos participado en él, año tras año. Se realizará con ese mismo entusiasmo e incorporación en la ciudad de Quito, a partir del día lunes 16 al viernes 20 de julio del presente año 2012 en los locales de la “Casa del Maestro”, calle Ascázubi N. 271, entre la Avda. 10 de Agosto y 9 de Octubre.

La noche del viernes 20 de julio, tendrá lugar el ACTO CENTRAL DEL 48vo. ANIVERSARIO DEL PCMLE, acto político social para el cual también les invitamos muy cordialmente.

Les pedimos encarecidamente, hacernos conocer de su participación y de cualquier requerimiento al respecto lo más pronto posible, a las siguientes direcciones electrónicas y teléfonos:

pcmle@journalist.com – oswpal@yahoo.com – mpd15dn@netlife.ec

Teléfonos móviles (celulares)
099234491 (Oswaldo Palacios, Vocero Nacional del PCMLE);
096009818 (Abg. Luis Villacís, Director Nacional del MPD)

096804199; 098779541 (Fabiola Bohórquez, Sede Nacional del MPD)

Convencionales:
2503 580; 2526111 (Sede Nacional del MPD)

Los momentos de cambio plantean la necesidad de trabajar juntos por una más estrecha unidad de los trabajadores, la juventud, las mujeres y los pueblos, para asumir con decisión los retos que demanda la situación presente. Por ello es que nuestro Seminario quiere ser una tribuna de debate franco que contribuya a la conciencia y la unidad que requiere en estas horas el movimiento obrero, indígena, campesino, popular y revolucionario, motivo por el cual les reiteramos la importancia de su participación.

Fraternalmente,

Oswaldo Palacios J. Luis Villacís M.
Vocero Nacional del PCMLE Director Nacional del MPD
Abril de 2012.

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16 Seminario Internacional Problemas de la Revolución en América Latina

CCLPR Puerto Rico
CNV Filiberto Ojeda Ríos Puerto Rico
Confeme Ecuador
FDN Filipinas
FEUE Ecuador
FP Azuay Ecuador
FPR PCM-ml México
Frente Popular Ecuador
FUI EEUU Canadá
JRE Ecuador
MCP Nariño
MLPD Alemania
PC bolchevique Union Sovietica
PCdeC ml Colombia
PCMLE Ecuador
PCMLV VENEZUELA
PCP Palestina
PCP PERU
PCR Argentina
PCR Brasil
PCT R Dominicana
UGTE Ecuador

The MPD accuses the government of persecuting Mery Zamora

Luis Villacis, national director of the Popular Democratic Movement (MPD), said the political activist Mery Zamora is a victim of persecution by the government.

Through a press release, Villacis argued that Zamora is haunted by “the crime of thinking differently,” adding that “political harassment” also comes from the president, Rafael Correa.

On the other hand, reported that Judge Villacis fifth time criminal Guarantees of Guayas, Jose Tamayo, has been issued for trial for sabotage against Mery Zamora as part of the investigations by the September 30, 2010.

“This process is full of legal services, and in the preliminary investigation, ruled and dismiss this case and again starts with political persecution without respecting due process and the right to defend the leader emepedista” said the director.

The leader added that part of MPD exhausted all legal bodies in the country to “expose the processes of criminalization against the militants,” he concluded.

Source

PC (AP): Public Notice

Monday, 18 June 2012

On June 17, the Central Committee of Communist Party of Chile (Proletarian Action), PC (AP) has made its plenary meeting, in which have been discussed and decisions taken regarding:

National and international situation; Labour Party Masses and Fronts International Communist Movement.

We would like to know the following agreements and resolutions:

A) It reaffirms the campaign against the two neoliberal blocks consensus and the alliance, and the forthcoming municipal elections, our policy of abstention to them; The demand and struggle for a constituent assembly for a New Constitution with popular movements. Subjects that will increase the propaganda and activism permanent fronts respective masses.

B) They greet advances in the development of the Party’s mass work in the front student union, art and culture and population, noting an increasing influence on important sectors. Measures shall be taken to achieve new and greater achievements in the tasks. In the areas of union work, we welcome the participation and integration of leading activists and trade unionists to work on developing an alternative class and combative, both within and outside the CUT.

C) The need to develop, in the interests of workers, a line that accounts for the tasks related to the effects of the general crisis of capitalism, which allows us to affirm the correctness of the struggle of peoples for national sovereignty against imperialist intervention. The rejection of the aggression of NATO against the Middle Eastern countries, reaffirm our solidarity with the processes of struggle for independence and national sovereignty of countries like Bolivia, Venezuela and Ecuador in Latin America. Also, we reaffirm our support to countries that support and build socialism as in the cases of Cuba and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

The International Communist Movement, reaffirmed the need for unity from the principles of Marxism-Leninism, respecting the peculiarities of the processes of struggle in each country, keeping the discussion on secondary situations miscarry the necessary unity of the international communist claiming the materiality of the class struggle.

Central Committee of the Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)
PC (AP)

1 DE AGOSTO ANIVERSARIO PCMLE

El PCMLE surgió el 1 de agosto de 1964 con el propósito de organizar a la clase obrera, a los trabajadores y pueblos del Ecuador para llevar a la victoria la revolución social y construir el socialismo y el comunismo en nuestro país.

Desde entonces ha debiido enfrentar diversos tipos de gobiernos: dictaduras civiles y militares, regímenes constitucionales de todo tipo al servicio del capital extranjero y de las clases dominantes criollas. Hoy afronta a un nuevo gobierno de derecha,que ha tenido la habilidad y el cinismo de presentarse como prototipo de un régimen de izquierda, pero en realidad poco se diferencia de los anteriores gobiernos burgueses y, en varios aspectos, se ha mostrado aún más reaccionario y represivo.

En nuestro país no está en marcha una revolución ni nada que se parezca a ello, como lo afirman Rafael Correa y su grupo. ¿A quién se le puede ocurrir calificar como una acción revolucionaria la criminalización de la protesta social o pisotear el derecho a la libre opinión? ¿Qué tipo de socialismo es el que pone al borde del desempleo a miles de trabajadores como ocurre por efecto del decreto 813? ¿Cómo creer que este es un gobierno soberano si entrega nuestros recursos naturales a países imperialistas como China, Estados Unidos o Canadá? ¿De qué participación popular se habla si el gobierno tiene el interés de acabar con las principales organizaciones populares del país? ¿Qué le diferencia a éste de los otros gobiernos si por igual campea la corrupción en las altas esferas y, como en el pasado, compra asambleístas o jueces para mantener el control sobre las otras funciones del Estado?

La lucha por la revolución social es una necesidad y está vigente en el país. Esta no puede ser llevada a cabo por ninguna fuerza política de derecha o fracción burguesa alguna por más que hablen de ella. La revolución aquí, como en cualquier parte del mundo, solo se la puede alcanzar con la acción de las masas trabajadoras y la participación dirigente de una vanguardia revolucionaria: el Partido Comunista Marxista Leninista.

VIVA EL PARTIDO COMUNISTA MARXISTA LENINISTA DEL ECUADOR

VIVA EL PARTIDO DE LA CLASE OBRERA

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48 años de PCMLE

VIVA EL 48 ANIVERSARIO DE PCMLE!

Partido Comunista Marxista Leninista del Ecuador (PCMLE)

PCMLE: Conspiracy and errors

The killing by police of more than a dozen peasants possessed of land belonging to a powerful businessman was the pretext used to initiate a political trial that culminated in the resignation of Fernando Lugo in his role as President of the Republic of Paraguay.

Lugo fell as a result of a conspiracy of imperialism and the right, but also because of its own mistakes and political inconsistency with his offers.

The popular sectors led the former priest for President hopeful that his government will produce real changes in the society, promised to implement land reform and an end to landlordism, spoke to democratize the life of society and meet the needs of the rural poor, among others….. None of this fulfilled, his government was characterized by continued application of neoliberal measures, the violation of human rights was a constant and for this the government applied the so-called Terrorism Act, and again yielded to pressure from the oligarchy, corruption and the impunity remained.

To reach the presidency, Lugo was part of a coalition in which they were right parties and movements, such as the Liberal and collaborators of pass governments. His “partners” in the previous electoral fray now voted for his removal when considering that no longer was useful. For it, they were endorsed to a bourgeois Constitution that Lugo kept intact, which makes clear that the bourgeoisie knows how to prevent and protect resources and “legal.” institutions Lugo served a bourgeois institutions and that fell on him.

Not only their political weakness was observed in only three votes in his favor obtained in the Senate, but also in the little popular mobilization to support him and the timid acceptance of their dismissal. Now he says to ignore such a resolution.

The events in Paraguay leave a great lesson: It is not possible to push a popular political project supported on right-wing forces, and political inconsistency causes the masses give the backs.

Source

PCMLE: Government beneficiary of USAID

Unofficially it is known that the Government would study the culmination of the Framework Convention that Ecuador has with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), which would mean leaving our territory. Also, a few days ago it was announced that no more militaries or polices will be sent to the Institute for Security Cooperation in the USA, better known as School School of the Americas.

One or others institutions are instruments of U.S. imperialism to penetrate various strata of society and establish some political, social and military control mechanisms. In the former School of the Americas have trained soldiers from throughout the hemisphere, except Cuba, and many of them have played nefarious roles in their respective countries, whether in the condition of dictators or leaders of research equipment and torture. USAID’s presence is, so to speak, more discreet, then, its work covers through social development projects, public participation and strengthening of democracy.

The expulsion of USAID and the ban on military participation in these courses should have been taken long ago. Although the government tries to build a speech to show an alleged anti-imperialist attitude, there is no doubt that such measures are evidence of double government conduct.

Since the beginning the government of Rafael Correa to June 2011, USAID has invested $ 93.5 million in government projects and the so-called “civil society”. The bulk has to do with conventions adopted from Carondelet, four years ago, the Ministry of Coordination of Production requested the support of imperialist agency to establish sectoral priorities and, from the 20 areas proposed by the USAID, Correa chose 10 strategic sectors such as priority

Currently has agreements with the Ministries of Environment, Tourism, Justice, Agriculture, in Inda, Senplades, with the Council of the Judiciary, the Office, the Electoral Council, among others, over a number of government officials have worked for NGOs, in turn, received funding from USAID.

As for the other subject, we must remember that this measure was taken only after complaint of the SOA Watch organization in the sense that Ecuadorian military and police continued to form in a school run by imperialism.

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PCMLE: Important step in the popular movement

Three events of great importance to the organized popular movement has been made in these days in the country: the national congresses of the FESE, FEUE and UNE. Highlighted in all of these is the massive presence of delegates, the broad participation of these in their debates to define policy guidelines for action and future tasks, and the unitary character of them all. And there is a fourth element matching in these events and it is the decision to continue facing the anti-popular policy of the government of Rafael Correa that differs little from its predecessors.

By different means the government has tried to affect the action of these organizations. Efforts to divide have been more but failed, the economic boycott in the case of UNE-has not worked, nor the persistent campaign of vilification and slander launched by the President himself. After their Congress FESE, UNE and FEUE out unified and strengthened, with provision to raise new actions to fight for specific claims and general benefit of the peoples of Ecuador.

Their resolutions are agree to work for strengthening the unity of the people’s organizations, who maintain a policy of independence and opposition to the government to create a front for action to face in better way with the populist and demagogic regime of Rafael Correa. The experience of work together in the No campaign gives impulse to this line of action.

The events in question, like that of the CONAIE made weeks ago, show that the government does not have the support of organized popular movement. Of course they are not the only organizations that maintain such behavior, also it has the trade unions, peasants, youth , women, population, artists organizations, etc. This is a great weakness of the regime and a great strength of those fighting against the government from the left and progressive positions, so these days the government is working to show the existence of unions or associations that support it, for which they have the action of defectors from the popular movement, revisionists and opportunists of all kinds who bill each of its movements

No doubt the organized popular movement has gained a new political victory with these events.

Source

PCMLE: The government wears and the people progress

To the extent that the Correa government experienced the shift to the right and, progressively, reaffirming its authoritarian, arrogant, undemocratic and repressive forces also began to lose popular support. Correa is not now the person with more than 80% of acceptance, Correa is who now with the name of “forgiveness” disguised a defeat, is one that the persecution and imprisonment intended to silence the voices of protest that grow and multiply, who despite having his hands tucked in justice and supervisory organisms to enjoy impunity, can not prevent official corruption splashes and remove the letterhead to be the government of clean hands. The massive participation of people in the March days proves it..

The first skirmishes became apparent confrontation with the population of Dayuma, with social and labor sectors present in Montecristi, requiring consistency in the drafting of the new Constitution, then escalate with teachers in strike, with peasants and indigenous communities that, in defense of water and life, opposed and oppose the extractive policies of the regime, with high school students for the duration of the card and college student by the technocratic and elitist system of admission, the residents of neighborhoods against taxes. A crucial point in this confrontation and measurement of forces, no doubt, was the popular consultation and we know that to win the Pyrrhic victory he held had to resort to fraud and shameful maneuvers. .

All this makes clear that the social struggle against correÃsmo grows in direct proportion to the intensification of its policy right, repressive and prodictatorial. This is a government eroded without implying that it is cornered, but certainly is a time when the people begin to lose their fear, which Correa is down and the people to rise .

PCMLE

PCMLE: On his knees before the boss

On his knees before the boss

The National Electoral Council is fulfilling faithfully the commitment they have with the president, Rafael Correa, that is, organize presidential and legislative elections so that the results benefit to the correaismo. In other words, working to assemble a blatant election fraud.

On 24th February, the agency defined the 2013 election calendar so that on February 17th will be held the first round and the second on April 7th . This enabled the reforms take effect to the Code of Democracy that run from February 4th and entered by the “ministry of law.” According to the schedule defined by the previous CNE the elections should take place on January 20 for this reason the recent electoral reforms would have no effect because the constitution does not permit to do reforms to the previous year to them. The reforms imposed by the correaismo are made with the purpose that, Alianza PAIS, with less voting, reaches mayor quotation in the National Assembly.

The CNE resolution is illegal and unconstitutional and not supported by technical and financial grounds. If there is already a definite date for the elections of 2013 (January 20) is an immorality vary the election timetable for the reforms are effective and thus benefit the government candidates. The electoral organism has complied with the order of President Correa, made pubic weeks ago, to reformulate the electoral calendar which shows his subservience. It is an act that violates the principles of autonomy, independence and transparency that are supposed rule to that function of the state.

This is just a chapter that show the subjection of the both the legislative and electoral institutions to the president’s authoritarian and undemocratic will.

Legislative work and the response that Jaime Nebot gives from moment to moment from the mayor of Guayaquil. His behavior is due to agree that the bourgeoisie has with government policy. This, the initial shock has passed to the satisfaction to see that in the “citizens’ revolution” their privileges and wealth are respected. So they also chant that this “revolution” is for everyone.

PCMLE

The Assassination of Jaime Hurtado

April 1999, Ecuador

The Democratic Popular Movement (DPM), the Communist Party Marxist Leninist of Ecuador (CPMLE), the Popular Front and other organizations that make up the organization Popular Unity, express their sorrow and indignation and assure to all members of these organizations, of other popular and leftist organizations and to all freedom fighters all over the world, that the evil and cowardly assassination of our comrades Jaime Hurtado, Pablo Tapia and Wellington Borja, is a new act of state terrorism accomplished by the reactionary forces led by the government presided by Jamil Mahuad.

This criminal act took place yesterday, Wednesday February 17th 1999, around 13:20 few meters away from the building of the Supreme Court and a block away from the House of the Parliament. A group of unarmed people fired at our comrades. The bullets, caliber 9mm are used only by the organs of state security.

Despite the fact that the place where our comrades were assassinated is under constant surveillance by the police, and a few steps away stands the security service of the building of the Supreme Court, nothing was done to seize the murderers who managed to run away through traffic jams in a Suzuki Forza.

Jaime Hurtado Gonzalez was a national Deputy and the chairman of the Parliamentary block of the DPM. When young he became a leader of the struggle of the people, vehemently exposed the arrogance of the Government, a tireless fighter for a new motherland ruled by the working people. He was accompanied by Pablo Tapia, associate Deputy for the DPM and Wellington Borja, member of the DPM and cousin of Jaime.

The crime is part of a campaign of the government to frighten anti-government protesters. When the Government took office four peasants who claimed land in the town of Salite were assassinated; shortly after, in the demonstrations of October 1st, bullets of the police and the military killed three workers; months later the union leader Saul Canar was brutalized, tortured and finally murdered, while the police blamed his co-workers for the death of Saul; the government carries out mass arrests of student protesters; security forces broke into the headquarters of the DPM in the El Triunfo and arrested several leaders and members of that organization; the government accuses the DPM and the CPMLE of being involved in armed struggle; protesting teachers are threatened to be fired. These and others are the different manifestations of state terrorism envisaged by rightist forces, big corporations with the support of the US Embassy.

On February 5th Jaime Hurtado when attending in Guayaquil the activities of protest against the government and its neo-liberal reforms was brutalized. This time a group of people in uniform took him aside and badly hit him. Several leaders of various progressive organizations and workers unions have been threatened and attacked by Government officials. Several days ago the Parliament voted a motion to request the Minister of Defence, General Jorge Gallard, and the former Prime Minister, Ana Lucia Armijos to face public allegations of violation of human rights and of illegally accusing the DPM of being engaged in what they call subversive activities.

This last assassination takes place at a moment when 120 thousand teachers are currently on strike, something that the millions spent in publicity by the Government and the threats of massive lay-offs have not been able to avert. The Government claims that the strikers represent particular interests of the DPM, trying to confuse the honest leadership of this party in the strike of the teachers with the legitimate demands of the teachers. The current Prime Minister, Vladimiro Alvarez had given up the post of Minister of education being unable to face the legitimate demands of the protesting teachers.

We demand that the Supreme Court finds and brings to justice those responsible for the assassination of Jaime Hurtado. We do not want the Government to claim that they respect our comrades and talk about democracy. We want justice and punishment. We want to see those factually and intellectually responsible for the crime, which is just part of the strategy of the Government to brutalize and leave the people to die of starvation.

From our side, we will follow the struggle of those fallen and other popular heroes who lost their lives in armed struggle against criminal Governments and right wing forces. Everybody, workers, peasants, teachers and students, housewives, rank and file christians, leftist democrats, for us Jaime Hurtado is an example of tireless struggle for the rights of the people. We call for a broad united front to face the state terrorism and to overthrow the neo-liberal Government.

Our organizations are rooted in the people and our people do not get scared. They will not be able to scare us. On the contrary we raise today the banners of revolutionary change with more enthusiasm, and we are ready more than ever to face and defeat the enemies of the people. No matter how many crimes the Government commits, the ideals of Jaime, Pablo and Wellington will find support throughout the country, in the hearts of the peoples of Ecuador and flourish in the Popular Power, for which we will always struggle hand in hand with the oppressed.

  • Democratic Popular Movement (DPM).
  • Communist Party Marxist Leninist of Ecuador (CPMLE).
  • Popular Front National Union of Teachers (PFNUT).
  • General Union of Workers of Ecuador (GUWE).
  • Federation of University Students of Ecuador (FUSE).
  • Federation of High School Students of Ecuador (FHSSE).
  • Revolutionary Youth of Ecuador (RYE).

Source

Video: Jaime Hurtado su voz y su pueblo

Turkey: Sixth Congress of the Labour Party (EMEP) Resolution

We support people who have rebelled for their rights and freedoms, condemn the imperialist conspiracies against Syria and Iran.

During 2011, the Arab peoples of North Africa and the Middle East have raised a after another. They did not want to be reported to the consequences of the hegemony of monopoly capitalism, nor voted on unemployment and poverty, and have rejected the repression of autocratic dictatorships that preserved this hegemony. The regimes despotic that lasted for 30 or 40 years have been the main reason for disorganization of the oppressed masses and have served as obstacles to the realization. The people who have raised have won some victories, but failed to collect the real fruits of their struggle, such as risucire to conquer their own political power. Therefore, the bourgeois reactionary forces backed by Western imperialism have maintained or are trying to maintain their hegemony, which has been questioned, strengthening their bases with new workers.

The Arab peoples that have been raised, have realized their potential and have tasted some victories, their struggles have not yet been crushed in any part, except Libya. Despite the low level of consciousness and organization, people have brought continue their uprising with an effort that aims to overcome the weaknesses, and continue to against the attacks of the reactionary forces that have reorganized especially through of political support, which has become a force moderate and pro-U.S. based in almost all countries.

We, the communist and workers parties and organizations have signed this document, meeting in VI Congress of the Workers’ Party of Turkey, we express our pride and solidarity with the mass struggles of the peoples, not only of the Arab countries of North Africa and the Middle East, but also of Europe, from Greece to Spain, Latin America, Venezuela and Ecuador, for the rights and social freedoms and national, as we proclaim our support for the Palestinian people’s just struggle against imperialism and Zionism in Israel.

Nevertheless, we are aware of the fact that our main weakness is the inadequate level of consciousness and organization of the peoples of the world, both during the uprisings in other processes. The imperialists and their accomplices take advantage of this weakness in their efforts to restore the decaying bases of their sovereignty and punish these struggles by ideological penetration and infiltration into the ranks of the people who claim to want to support, exploiting the struggle for their interests and by eliminating popular features.

The Western imperialism, which keeps the global hegemony in his hands and tries to strengthen its position in competition with the imperialist powers on the rise, not only aims to strengthen its hegemony in countries traditionally under its influence of suppressing popular struggles, but also attempts to establish its hegemony influencing people and their struggles, using them as levers to countries like Syria and Iran, which have not yet been subdued.

We do not support schemes and Assad | Ahmadinejad. However, we stress the fact that when the imperialist powers involved with the support of the reactionary forces of region such as Turkey and Saudi Arabia, in the name dell’apoggio the so-called “opposition” Syria and Iran under the pretext of fighting for “democracy” and “suppression of dictators, “these policies have nothing to do with rights to self-determination and their democratic aspirations and social. We oppose all actions imperialist – both economic and political and military – whatever their reason, they are desired by their accommodating staff or not, and condemn these policies only bring war, bloodshed and suffering.

We appeal to the peoples of the world, especially the peoples of Syria and Iran, to be in guard against the traps and imperialist interventions like those that occurred in Libya, show solidarity with the struggles of the peoples of the region and to support the fight against imperialism and the reactionary forces.

Ankara, December 2011

Communist Party of Albania
Communist Party of Benin
Workers’ Party of Belgium
New Cyprus Party
Marxist Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador
Spanish Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist)
Movement for the Reorganization of the Communist Party of Greece (1918-55)
Communist Party of Workers of Tunisia
Turkish Labour Party

Source

PCMLE: An atrocious complicity

published in En March at the 5th of December 2011

International information realizes the resignation of Minister of Labor in Brazil, accused of corruption. With the resigning Carlos Lupi, seven ministers who have left their duties since Rousseff became president of that country in January. In Bolivia, a few weeks ago, three government officials of Evo Morales government resigned for the violent repression unleashed against the peasants that fight to oppose the construction of a road through a national park.

In our country it does not work that way. Here, the President of the Republic protects the corruptors and promotes the repression. When the case of illegal kickbacks and surcharges in the Ministry of Sports, in which is involved the former Minister Raul Carrion, President Correa had no qualms about defending and noted that against Carrion had been committed an injustice. While David Ortiz was in charge of the portfolio of Transport and Public Works was blamed for irregularities in awarding contracts for the construction of bridges and roads and collecting bribes for the same, however Ortiz went breezed out of these functions to take the national leadership of the DINSE. The most famous case is that of illegal contracts signed by Correas’ brother, Fabricio Correa this case is covered by land that is launched from the highest levels because the president himself would be involved for them.

During the strike of teachers, two years ago, Professor Bosco Wisuma died as a result of the violent police repression, in May last year, Javier Garcia, Mejia school student was hit by a projectile launched by police and lost his left eye, the last September Edison Cosíos, student of the same high school, was seriously wounded in the head by the action of the forces of repression, situation that keeps him serious risk even in exile in a hospital. In none of these cases have been punished those responsible.

They are not the unique cases of corruption and repression that remain unpunished, there are many more, but are covered with a blinding government advertising campaign to believe that corruption in high places has virtually been defeated. Nothing is more false than this. The defense of human rights is its logo.

Source

Letter of Marcelo Rivera

“They chase us because we fear, and fear us because we are not afraid”

“I know that prison can not stop the advance of history, the development process up to victory. People young and proud to see the prison can not break our revolutionary spirit. ”

Julius Fucik

Just days after joining – unintentionally – the Center for Social Rehabilitation Sucumbíos, now known as “Guantanamo of Ecuador”, received a visit from a fellow who had not seen for many years.

I met him when he visited these lands in a manner almost always due to the responsibility of the national presidency in Java. It is common that when two people who spoke for a few minutes, but share the ideological principles, revolutionary goals to establish a relationship almost immediately, as if they knew themselves for years.

When I discovered my surprise transfer to prison in the province received their solidarity visit, the years passed, but follow the principles and conviction intact. Among the things fit to bring me gave me something very valuable: some books. Among them a very special for reasons of apparent “lack of time” when he was at liberty had not been able to read with the attention he needed. This is the book Julius Fucik, “Report to the foot of the gallows.” I never imagined I would read this magnificent work in prison.

Julius Fucik was born on January 23, 1903 in Prague. He studied philosophy in the city of Pilsen, in 1921 joined the Communist Party. In the same period he began his work as literary critic and theatrical. He was editor of various communist publications. In February 1941 he became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party underground. In April 1942 he was arrested by the Gestapo, imprisoned for a year and five months in prison Pankrac cell 267. He was executed in Berlin on September 8, 1943.

His “Report to the foot of the gallows”, taken from prison leaf by leaf, was published in 1945. Going through your paragraphs carefully in my mind comes the difficult moments of unjust imprisonment, the violent occupation of the university police at December 8, 2009, Correa’s threats to imprison me, transfers from one prison to another, extreme vigilance of police officers, the constant harassment, etc.. etc..

Despite all this straight, without ever hesitate convinced each day and hour of triumph of the revolution. How Fucik “He loved life and its beauty marched to the battlefield” … “I lived for the joy and the joy hill. Abuse and injustice would be to put on my grave an angel of sadness ”

I am very optimistic because my buddies always tell me the progress of the revolutionary struggle in the country, the successes achieved and the selflessness with which to fight the rightwing government of Correa. Fucik said “… and now, precisely at this hour millions of men fighting in the final battle for human freedom and thousands fall for this fight. I am one of them. And being one of them, be one of those fighters in the final battle is a beautiful thing. “Then you ask, I wonder: How many millions of cells began to humanity as a way forward? And how many have to go?

I turn to the words of Fucik in prison and I know that the prison can not stop the advance of history, the development of bottom-up process to win. Instead, we lose the fear, we surround ourselves more libertarian heat of combat, the threats of those who bear the authoritarianism does not affect us. People young and proud to see the prison can not break our spirit Revolutionary.

Persecute us because we fear, and fear us because we have no fear.

I conclude this letter recommending to all colleagues, friends and activists reading this book.

I turn to the Fucik other words: “We do not want to be alone, we are not alone. We’re together for now, in freedom and fighting as we sing … “” Comrades in cold cell arrests, are with us, though not with us form our ranks … ”

Prison Sucumbíos

Cell AM-PB

Challenges in the journal of the Left, July 2011 – Ecuador.

Source

Correa: the Class Enemy

Correa and his administration unmasked by themselves with their actions. In this case, the arrest of indigenous representative Marco Guatemal is the latest evidence that Correa is only defending their own, the Ecuadorian bourgeoisie.

A few months ago, Marco Guatemal and his comrades began a journey, a mobilization of peasants and indigenous peoples to defend their right to water freely. This is a sample of semi-feudal struggle against the working classes all have to face a “socialism of the XXI century” like Correa.

Well, Correa has also arrested and charged with terrorism. The Correa government’s mask falls off and displayed for what it is, enemies of the people.

LIBERTAD MARCO GUATEMAL!

CORREA, HIS PARTY AND ADMINISTRATION, CLASS ENEMIES!

Source

PCMLE: Capitalism, the source of predation on the planet

Capitalism markets increasingly demand more and more sources of raw materials, more and more profits. The result is that the very survival of the planet is dangerous.

Since 1973, 5 June every year to celebrate World Environment Day was established by the UN General Assembly in its resolution XXVII December 15, 1972.

Since that time 37 years have passed in which increasingly spreads the need to preserve nature. What is done is mainly awareness to the people of the land on the damage caused by pollution and the need to establish habits regarding consumption, waste so that their impact on the environment is reduced.

Undoubtedly, these campaigns are important because they help to better understand the workings of nature and the impact it has on it the action of man. Fall in the same area other campaigns that global or continental performed. Thus, the February 2 is World Wetlands Day, the March 22 World Water Day, the April 22 World Day of the Earth, on 22 May, International Biodiversity Day, May 31 National Day of reflection on natural disasters, the June 8 World Ocean Day, the Day August 8 inter air quality, the October 7 World Habitat Day and the list goes on, is long.

However, hindsight has convinced so many days devoted to nature, to his defense and care, little has been served.

Perhaps many millions of people have changed their habits and assumed other, less harmful to nature, but the fact is that increasingly it destroys more. Climate change as a result of improper handling a case in point is that all humanity suffers.

Indeed millions campaigns aim to download on the shoulders of men and women worldwide responsibility effectively have a small group of people and corporations, but especially a model, a system of life that in itself is an attack on the life .

The lust for profit at any price they have all entrepreneurs is one of the reasons why. Production to ensure the widest possible scale benefits, reduce production costs by outsourcing some of them even as it is, for example, waste management, increase profits, but socialize the garbage.

The huge productions must be distributed, consumed by an audience eager for them, so it becomes essential to create needs for people to consume what is produced look, buy more than you really need. Moreover, the new look consuming, discarding the old, but still serve. This ensures corporate profits at the expense of handling consumer consciousness, destroying nature.

The employer earns more the bigger, the larger market. So for decades companies worldwide are in an aggressive merger, which creates giant oligopolies planetary promote the consumption of their products all over the world. The very propaganda of Coca Cola is a clear example of this.

This approach has a support of a political, ideological, that is capitalism. The appropriation of another’s work has resulted in huge masses of people living in poverty. The ruthless exploitation of nature on a global scale brings with it the destruction of the environment. Examples exist lots, destroying the Amazon rainforest at a dizzying pace to get your precious woods, whales in danger of extinction because of indiscriminate killing, it is the raw material for many products, greenhouse gases changing the climate and thousands of facts. All have as background the voracious appetite of the profit that promotes unsustainable way of life is called capitalism.

Source

PCMLE Editorial – Human rights: more than a flag of struggle than a reality

NATO summit 2011 - the promoters of "human rights" and destroyers of nations

December 10 is celebrated internationally, the Human Rights Day. In 1950 the General Assembly of the United Nations urged all Member States to observe that day as well, considering that in similar date in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted.

It’s been over six decades and the balance of it continue being negative. Because the incompatibility between human rights and capitalism. The latter is built upon the foundation of exploiting of the labor of others, provoking and support contradictions and forms of ethnic segregation, gender, generational, according to circumstances and to restrict and overrides political freedoms and rights when needed to do to ensure stability of system.

The economic and political crisis that capitalism lives has become more visible the numbers of manifestations reveal that for millions of workers, for entire peoples human rights are more a flag of struggle than a reality.

Millions of workers without jobs, millions of children, young people without access to education, a similar number of women without access to health, whole peoples struggling for democracy, for freedom … in short, is the picture that portrays the reality of this system.

In our country the situation is similar. The right to protest is practically nonexistent, who do join the list goes on trial for sabotage or terrorism, the right to give opinions passes through the same path, then, from the highest levels of government is described which is a slur, an insult and, therefore, what is worth the trial and punishment. The executive exercises control over the judicial system annulled, in fact, the right to justice those who are on the opposite bank to correísmo [Correa-ism -- E.S.].

The fact of Ecuadorian government in the field of human rights, is very far from what the universal declaration referred; its authoritarian character puts it in the list of regimes that violate them.

Source

PCMLE: “The real emancipation of the peoples is the revolution and socialism”

From En Marcha, #1545
Organ of the Central Committee of the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador
August 19 to 25, 2011

As part of the work that the International Conference of Marxist-Leninist Parties and Organizations is carrying out, last July a meeting of the Latin American parties took place. At the meeting were the Revolutionary Communist Party of Brazil, the Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist-Leninist), the Communist Party of Labor of the Dominican Republic, the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador, the Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist-Leninist) and the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela.

After evaluating the work that these parties are carrying out in each of the countries and discussing the most important events that are taking place in the region and the world, the meeting approved a Political Declaration that we reproduce below.

U.S. imperialism and its European allies: France, England, Spain, Italy, are trying to manipulate the just struggle of the Arab peoples, to channel the indignation of the working masses and the youth towards a change of names, maintaining the economic and social structures and the weight of dependency.

After reviewing the latest events in our countries, in Latin America and the world we declare:

1. The stories told by imperialism claiming that there is a recovery from the crisis are falling apart every day, with the increasing numbers of unemployed, the decrease in production, the worsening of the fiscal deficits and the increase in the foreign debt in most of the countries of Europe, in Japan and the U.S.A., which seriously affect the supposed stability of the capitalist system and sharpening its inherent contradictions. This prolonged crisis that is affecting all the countries of the world shows not only the failure of the recovery policies implemented by imperialism, but also the decay of the system, which is mortally wounded and incapable of guaranteeing the well-being and freedom for which humanity is struggling.

2. The struggle of the working class, the working people, the youth and the peoples is spreading all over the world. Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Jordan, Syria, Yemen and other countries of North Africa and Asia Minor are an example of the struggle against the reactionary dictatorships and governments, who with the applause of the bourgeoisies and the imperialist powers have sunk these peoples into the deepest crisis, hunger and the cruelest misery, despite the immense wealth generated by the exploitation of oil, gas and other natural resources. In addition, with the complicity of the UN they resort to military intervention, to the bombing of the civilian population in Libya, using the pretext of the fight against tyranny, all with the aim of guaranteeing the established order and the continuity of all its profits that are the product of colonization and exploitation of these peoples. We completely reject the foreign intervention in Libya. It is up to the Libyan people themselves to resolve the problems of their country. No more military aggression and intervention in Afghanistan and Palestine! We Communists raise the banner of self-determination, sovereignty, well-being and freedom!

3. Active and valiant opposition to imperialism and the reactionary governments is also alive in Europe. In Greece, Turkey, Italy, Spain, Ireland, France, England and other countries of Europe there has been a general rejection of the reduction in wages, the pension reforms, the increase in taxes, privatizations and the reduction of the budgets for health care, education, housing and in general of all the legislative programs by which the crisis is being placed on the shoulders of the working masses. Numerous strikes and mobilizations are showing an important revival of the working class and youth that is again speaking out for unity and the political initiative to confront the recovery policies and to reject the reactionary governments. The great mobilizations of youths that are taking place in Spain and other European countries deserve particular mention, which show the exhaustion of bourgeois democracy and the search for roads to social liberation.

4. In Latin America the struggle continues, it is showing a greater advance and development. The structural adjustment policies implemented by most of the governments in the last years have not achieved their expected objectives, much less do they represent measures aimed at the well-being of the masses. The different struggles that are developing in our countries calling for higher wages, labor stability, respect for the right to association, negotiation, collective contracts and strikes, the rejection of outsourcing, the demands for health care and education, greater rights and liberties are arousing the ever greater participation of numerous organizations on the continent that do not kneel before the measures of the bourgeois governments and that struggle for political freedom for the people. The student youth in Chile together with the working masses and the Mapuche people are carrying out large mobilizations in defense of freedom, public education and democracy. The desire for change is breaking through in our various countries, large contingents of the masses are participating in the political struggle and are taking up the banner of working for the victory of democratic and progressive governments that really promote the defense of sovereignty, respect of human rights, well-being and political freedom. The democratic and anti-imperialist tendency in Latin America is an unquestionable fact that is opening the way, is growing and offering numerous possibilities for the advance of the revolution.

5. The rise through elections of several democratic and progressive governments in Latin America constitute important steps in that direction. Nevertheless today, the existence and continuity of these governments is threatened by the rightist offensive of imperialism and the local bourgeoisies that have not given up the privileges that they have enjoyed in our countries for centuries. The offensive of imperialism and the oligarchies has reversed the direction of several of those governments, which have been transformed into open defenders of the capitalist system, of foreign domination; into a form of the old ways of governing, into those who carry out repression against the working masses and the youth, into prettifiers of representative democracy and promoters of developmentalist and reformist measures. In fact, these governments and history show that real change, the social revolution and national liberation cannot be carried through to the end under the leadership of bourgeois and petty bourgeois classes and parties. That responsibility belongs to the working class, the working masses, the peoples and the youth, to the revolutionary party of the proletariat, to the genuinely revolutionary organizations and parties.

6. Imperialism, its allies and servants, the local bourgeoisies in all the countries are persisting in their reactionary policies of repressing the struggle of the working masses, of the indigenous peoples and the youth by fire and sword, at the time that they try to co-opt the social movement by means of social welfare policies and one reform or another. One expression of those policies is the presence of U.S. imperialist troops and those of their Latin American servants in Haiti. In the same way it is continuing the trade embargo against Cuba and actions aimed at subverting the Venezuelan process. The persecution, jailing and assassination of social fighters and revolutionaries are irrefutable testimony of the fact that the struggle continues and that repression, however harsh and bloodthirsty it may be, cannot do away with the ideals and the determination to fight for social and national liberation. We emphatically express our solidarity with the comrades who are suffering repression and torture in Honduras, Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Paraguay and Peru. In particular we demand the freedom of the Ecuadorean student leader Marcelo Rivera, who remains in prison, accused and condemned as a terrorist by the Correa government, for defending university autonomy.

7. The betrayal by the government of Rafael Correa and the struggle of the Bolivian workers against “the gasolinazo” in Bolivia are making clear not only the real limitation of these governments, but also the need to make clear to the working class and the social and mass organizations what is the real road to social change. Experience shows that neither reformism nor class conciliation can lead to change. Real change, the genuine emancipation of our peoples is the revolution and socialism, which is only possible if there is a revolutionary political vanguard capable of pushing through a genuinely revolutionary program at the head of the struggles of the working class, the working masses and the peoples.

8. The continuity and development of the struggle of the workers, the peoples and the youth in the countries of Latin America is guaranteed by historical tradition and the present combats, the perspective is the developing along the road of the social revolution. Our Continent is and will be the scene of great liberating struggles and we Marxist-Leninist communists will fulfill and affirm our position as shock troops of the revolution and socialism.

9. The strengthening of the right-wing, corporatist and social welfare policies in most of the governments of Latin America will not make us back down from the search for true social and national emancipation. We Marxist-Leninist parties of Latin America reiterate our commitment to link ourselves boldly and decisively to the struggles that the working class, the working people, the peasantry, the youth, the women and the peoples in general are developing, as well as our irrevocable decision to advance in the unity and leadership of their struggles, winning them for the revolution and socialism.

10. We make the words of Lenin ours: “If in the course of the struggle we win the majority of the workers to our side – not only the majority of the exploited, but the majority of the exploited and oppressed – we will really win”.

July, 2011

PCMLE: A shameful manipulation

About the premiere of the documentary “With my heart in Yambo”, which reflects the tragedy of the Restrepo brothers and drama experienced by their families which for years were demanding justice, the president, Rafael Correa, leaves the public stage to take advantage of this event and demagoguery, which does not attract attention. Putting on the suit of a defender of human rights posed reopen the case to find those responsible for the disappearance of the brothers Santiago and Andres.

Of human rights defender Rafael Correa has nothing; his administration has been spotted by constant acts of rape to them. Dayuma chapter opened in December 2007: More than a dozen detainees accused of terrorism and sabotage, including the prefect, several wounded and tortured were registered by the action of the savage government repression, over much of its inhabitants had flee to the jungle to avoid being victims. Bosco Wisuma was killed during the protests that the teachers and the indigenous movement developed in September 2009 and so far that crime remains unpunished. These days Ecuador witnessed the brutal police repression unleashed against high school students, the result of which the student Edison Cocíos hovering between life and death, while the government does not say who was responsible for that.

The criminalization of social protest has been the insignia of this government, more than 250 Ecuadorian men and women face trial for ‘sabotage and terrorism “either by participating in the demonstrations of teaching, in the fight against mining large-scale, open pit, to require revenues to the universities and to express solidarity with other sectors in struggle.

The most emblematic case of violation of human rights and the criminalization of social protest is played by Marcelo Rivera, ex- president of FEUE. An illegal sentence of three years imprisonment was imposed by a judge who knelt before the government’s orders and now, when by law is entitled to benefit from a reduction of sentence it is denied.

Examples abound to demonstrate how the government violent and tramples human rights and civil liberties. It is outrageous to see how today he wants to handle a case that shocked the country years ago, committed during authoritarian and arrogant a government same as the current

PCMLE

Ecuador Deepens Its Dependence on China

En Marcha #1540

July 15 to 21, 2011

Ecuador Deepens Its Dependence on China

Ecuador cannot present itself as a country that adequately manages its debt strategy when more than half of its debt is in the hands of China

Because of the peculiar manner of contracting loans with China, the exact amount of debt with that country has always been unclear; these days the debt has increased by $571 million through an additional loan for the building of the Sopladora hydroelectric dam.

As with the other loans, the interest is high, reaching 6.35%. Altogether the debt with China has reached $7,300 million dollars, according to international analysts interviewed by the Reuters news agency.

In these circumstances China has become Ecuador’s main creditor, which is very convenient for that country but compromises Ecuadorian sovereignty and interests. This has already been seen and the anticipated petroleum sale exemplifies this.

As part of the terms of payment Ecuador received in advance a billion dollars for the sale at market price of 130 million barrels of crude oil and 18 million of fuel oil to Petrochina in six years. This action would be one of Ecuador’s “certificates of good behavior” to later obtain a loan of two billion dollars, but it commits Ecuador to deliver 60 thousand barrels of oil a day for six years, an important amount that “coincidently” is the same as what the Andes petroleum company extracts from Ecuador’s Amazon basin with Chinese capital.

The situation cannot be analyzed without taking into account China’s strategy and its geopolitical position. That country, although it still calls itself socialist, has not been so for decades; the reforms to the Communist Party constitution that allow industrialists to be members is the latest example of this.

Its gigantic productive apparatus serves to increase the profits of the great monopolies of the planet as it hires out the labor of its workers for super-exploitation. But this, among other things, has led it to accumulate enormous economic resources that it has placed mainly in the United States itself, a country which, like Venezuela and now Ecuador, among others, is its main creditor.

The agreements which it generally arrives at envisage the solution of its main problem, which is energy; therefore it is no surprise that it has obtained the anticipated sale of petroleum, because that is its policy; but this is reprehensible for the Ecuadorian negotiators, since it is clear that they became easy prey to the Chinese attempts to obtain high interests for their loans and guarantee of the sale of petroleum.

As the most populous country on the planet, it is always the objective of the transnational companies to gain access to this market; this made it possible to take important steps to join the world capitalist economic order, even being able to place conditions and to now become a defining player in the world economy, being the second largest power on a world level. It is another imperialism.

China has an enormous trade surplus, according to experts, equivalent to the U.S. deficit, which is enormous. It has the money to be the financer of the United States and now of Europe, which are demanding that it increase the value of its currency, the Yuan. This could affect the position of the Ecuadorian debt, which is tied to the value of that currency.

In terms of geopolitics what has happened to Ecuador is simply that it has changed its master. Correa at one time questioned U.S. policy, that of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, and earned their distrust, although now it is trying to regain that trust. In that process, Correa has ceased to be consistent with his original proposal and now has led the country into new dependencies, without any advantage for his country. On the contrary, the results of the negotiations of China with several debtor African countries leave serious doubts about the outcome of this new Ecuadorian dependency towards another imperialist country.

PCMLE: Expression of the serious system crisis

A large demonstration of opposition to the economic crisis and the negative social consequences caused by capitalism occurred simultaneously on 15 October in 82 countries. Thousands of young, unemployed, migrants, unemployed, etc. stormed the streets and squares of more than 900 cities condemning the responsibility and the financial oligarchy and who controls the political power in each of the countries have in the crisis in the world. Political change and the rejection of a democratic system that only serves to perpetuate the power of the bourgeoisie were part of their proposals.

Capitalism faces acute problems: the economic crisis shows unmanageable, and the response of the masses in front of it that is causing the unveiling of a political crisis. Therefore the participants in these demonstrations expressed that there is growing discontent among workers and the people and the desire for change. “We are the 99%”, “against capital, social revolt,” “if not let us decide, not let them sleep” are phrases that discover the motives of the protest. It has been denounced the enormous polarization in capitalist society and has been acting as targets private banks and stock exchanges. All of this is evidence that the capitalist world is experiencing a time of political crisis, as we noted above.

The people seek change and clearly placed the responsible of social problems that are faced, which expresses a development of his political consciousness. These are political banners that motivate social protest and that scare the international bourgeoisie.

Of course, in turn, expresses the same movement limits, especially those imposed by those who have taken the initiative to lead the kind of action that occurred, trying to find a solution to the crisis and the political and social conflicts within the framework capitalist institutions of the same, only with more democracy, which don´t devalue the importance and the fight that has been developed. For revolutionaries is important, be involved in this movement to discuss with the actors about the choices and outputs that lead to overcome the situation in which world is living with experiencing a real social revolution and leave behind capitalism forever

PCMLE

Political Resolution of the XIth of the CC of the PCMLV

After evaluating several plenary sessions during the global situation, we reaffirm our view that we move in successive cyclical crises which are expressed as economic reality, which is deepened especially in the imperialist countries, such as determining component of the general crisis of capitalism, which also of economic base of political and social, creating conditions for moving to a new stage, mixed by wars and revolutions, with high conflict and total decomposition of capitalist society. It is clear that the situation remains tense in the world, continues to deepen the crisis of global capitalism. Riots, demonstrations, war characterize the current moment of world reality.

Expression of this situation is the deepening of the imperialist war against Libya are, we see daily attacks against this country are increasing, and increasingly critical support of the international bourgeois institutions becomes more evident. The bombings are constant and assumptions are civilians who after all end up paying with their lives intemperate attacks of the imperialist forces NATO , Orphans, mothers weeping for their children, this is the scenario that world imperialism has built in this North African country. Unabashedly, the imperialists stole the Libyan people’s money was deposited in European banks, in order to put to the disposal of its interest warmongers. Use the money to strengthen a government coalition made up of reactionary pro-Yankees. About 200 billion dollars of Libya’s international reserves were blocked and placed at the service of imperialism, in addition to this stolen oil, the major facilities and fresh water reserves in this country.

This initially appeared as a political agreement between the imperialist powers to attack Libya, example of this was the position of China and Russia who did not realize their power of veto to prevent the invasion, then the situation worsened, the resistance the Libyan people are maintained over time, setting a problem to be solved by the imperialist powers who doubt the military intervention by land to stop these terrible negative balances and a high political and economic costs.

We understand that this aggression, as well as others made covertly, are part of the imperialist struggle for a new division of the world and are the basis on which to structure the new relationship between world powers, which leads to more wars. The deepening U.S. economic downturn will lead to more conflicts and even wars among the imperialist powers to resolve its economic contradictions.

Another country that is suffering the ravages of imperialist interference, it is Syria, where the imperialists operate in a different format, a little more discreet, are acting from intelligence agencies, on behalf of groups opposed to President Bashar Al Assad. The characteristics of the Syrian government suggests a family relationship in the areas of power, as in the case of the brother of the president who controls one of the divisions of the army and his brother who controls the intelligence services. Some try to locate the essence of this situation on tribal or ethnic differences, trying to hide the fact that regardless of their ethnic peoples seek structural changes that allow them a chance to get a better life. But improving the brevity of life is impossible in a system where the interests of capitalism are the ones that take precedence over the interests of the people and workers in general, it is clear that the intelligence services of imperialism have been mixed in with the riots try to work the ground for possible future interventions.

The acts of sabotage that the governments of Israel and the U.S. made in this country to seek also weaken Iran, Syria partner in oil and industry, hence the conflict to pursue the control of oil reserves and energy, not only this country, if not the entire region.

Importantly, the position taken by China and Russia to Libya with a complicit silence was modified with respect to the situation in Syria, as the worsening social conflict in this country, both exercised their weight as members of the Security Council to make it clearly did not support any intervention in Syria. This is due to a very momentous, Syria offered its territory to transport fuel to other countries, including Russia, making clear that Russia is involved when the conflict is economic interests are at stake with an intervention . Just to mention some good data to say that at the beginning of 2000 the trade exchange between Syria and Russia exceeded 100 million dollars, and for 2005 exceeded $ 300 million, and has continued to increase. Although it is noteworthy that these figures, in general trade of these countries, expressing only a small part of Syria’s debt to Russia, bringing the cumulative three billion dollars. This is complemented by a major military exchange. Syria even has a Russian military base on its territory, which of course must also defend the Russian government when assessing their positions and interests. A similar situation occurs with China in turn is carving the way to deepen political relations with Syria, which promises not only an intensification of efforts to control these countries, and another part of the imperialists, if not also possible contradictions between them.

In Europe, continues to advance the tension, we see the conflict in Greece again takes place in the international news, as workers have returned to the streets to develop their protests against economic measures imposed by international agencies. In Italy, the third largest economy in the euro area is expected to increase the impact of the crisis. France, imperialist country that currently is playing important role in the aggression worn in North Africa as some of the so-called Maghreb countries were colonies of France, so this, now try to regain influence and control as before, on these countries to try to secure their resources.

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MPD: “Correa is not invincible”

Time Taken from the Journal
Interview with Luis Villacis National Director of the MPD

“We will form an alliance with other leftist parties and movements.”
Luis Villacis, who was reelected as national director of the Popular Democratic Movement (MPD) spoke with The Hour on the position to keep from the government of Rafael Correa. He also referred to the actions to be undertaken towards the elections of 2013.

What position will keep the MPD from the government?
We will intensify popular opposition to the Government undemocratic, authoritarian and arrogant president Rafael Correa.

What does this mean?
Fight for the vindication of the rights of workers and access to the health of the people, support to indigenous organizations in demonstrations to protest the large-scale mining, defend the right to education. Also, do not cease to punish the corrupt.

Do you think this will matter to President Rafael Correa?
I think the President should review their attitude and look in the mirror of Evo Morales, indigenous organizations are planning marches against the actions of this government (…) only the mobilization and unity of the people of Ecuador will help the Regime change its course.

Why distanced themselves from the regime that initially supported?
Because we feel betrayed, he has not completed its offer to undertake a project of change.

What has caused the continued criticism of the president against the MPD and its leaders?

We are a political party with more than 220 thousand members, with representatives in 24 provinces and abroad elected democratically. We believe that this is a good time and we do not make a dent the slanders and insults issued by the Head of State.

However, the President must respect citizens so initiate criminal proceedings against him for criminal qualify for our members.

What is the strategy for the elections of 2013?
Let’s form an alliance with other movements and leftist parties to nominate a presidential candidate and assembly of the social sectors we represent. We will not accept strangers, or opportunistic, because he has given poor results (…) we will work to defeat this unit allows correísmo, because it is not invincible Correa was demonstrated in the last referendum.

Does optimism despite the competition authorities to appoint the National Electoral Council (CNE) highlights former officials support the regime?

Yes, but it envisions is intended not work properly and seek ways to stay in power forever. However, the unity of the people can defeat these actions intended to ignore the popular vote.

Video: XVII Convenciòn of the MPD

Successful MPD XVII National Convention: UNITY of the left for the New Nation and Socialism

The Popular Democratic Movement held on 1 and 2 October 2011, his seventeenth National Convention with the participation of five thousand members of the 24 provinces of the country and the brigades of the MPD in the U.S., Canada, Spain and Italy, the same as 16 tables discussed in the national and international political situation, the position of MPD to the government of Rafael Correa, the declaration of principles, bylaws and the proposed program related to the defense of sovereignty, our natural resources, labor rights, education and health, good living, multinationality, migrants, etc..

The election of the new National Executive highlighted the participation and democracy revolutionary militants and exercised the right to universal suffrage and secret in each of the 41 polling stations. The electoral process was marked by massive enthusiasm and emepedistas that spoke at the polls. The elections were attended by Dr. Marcia Caicedo Member of the National Electoral Council, and other officials of this institution, who observed the normal development of the process.

With 2744 votes was elected the new national leadership headed by Luis Villacis, Mery Zamora, Geovanni Vargas Atarihuana and Stalin, in a list 15 B. In the event estuvierno representatives from the Coordinating Plurionacional as Humberto Cholango, Alberto Acosta, Marcelo Larrea, Gustavo Vallejo.

The National Convention of the MPD is part of a process of political mobilization, ideological and organizational militancy since 2010 with the membership drive that across the country that managed to register the MPD with more than 220 thousand cards of membership, the realization the election of provincial guidelines 24 on 20 August and finally 1 and October 2 important resolutions that ended with the result of political debate and the election of the new National Executive, are important events in the life of political parties , and show a match with organizational capability, a unified party ideologically, politically and organizationally that is growing and has a strength to restrain the challenges and prospects that lie ahead in the coming years.

Tasks and resolutions

The main resolutions and tasks undertaken at the XVII National Convention:

a) Lift the popular opposition and pro-imperialist right-wing government of Correa: Unmasking, confronting and defeating anti-national and anti-people policies of the government in all fields.

b) Encourage the strengthening of social and popular movements: the struggle to defend our people carry out in defense of water and life, of our natural resources, our sovereignty, against the criminalization of social protest, and so on. We will support all the struggles of our villages in the countryside and city, local, regional or national historic collecting the accumulated social and popular movement in Ecuador.

c) Strengthen the MPD as an alternative to political and organizational power struggle: In the current scenario requires a larger and stronger MPD for what we need to work with affiliates to grow ideologically, politically and organizationally.

d) Building popular unity: For the MPD the unit is a matter of principle, we promote unity through Plurinational Coordinator for the Unity of the Left at the present time and we favor in the 24 provinces.

e) Offensive by the New Nation and Socialism: The general crisis of capitalism and the existence of the trend of exchange between our countries create favorable conditions to spread our goal of the New Nation and Socialism.

PUBLIC RELATIONS MPD.

Staff Information
Luis Villacis Maldonado: 096009818 Cel
PR 095696353..

Mass and representative MPD Convention started today in the Agora of the CCE

This Saturday from 10 am, started the MPD XVII National Convention attended by more than 5 000 delegates from around the country as well as representations of Europe, Canada and the United States and international delegations from the Philippines, Colombia, DR Dominican Republic, Peru, Canada.


According to the statutes of the Convention took possession board headed by Cyrus Guzman Lopez and Alonso Alonso Cueva, who organized 16 panel discussions where militants began discussion on topics such as: Ecuador today, the international situation, the statement principles and statutes, current tasks, the position of the MPD to the government of Rafael Correa, food sovereignty, natural resources, education and health, good living, multinationality, and so on.


The Opening Ceremony will be held from 18:00 in the Agora of the House of Culture with the participation of Luis Villacis Maldonado, who will release the report on the work of the outgoing directors in addition the event will be attended by representatives of groups such as Pachakutik, Montecristi Live, Participation, Revolutionary Socialist Current, CONAIE, etc.